James McDougal Hart (American, 1828-1901)
James McDougal Hart (American, 1828-1901)
Cattle by a Stream in a Wooded Landscape
Oil on Canvas
- Signed and dated (18)'85' lower left.
- Provenance; The American Art Association-Anderson Galleries, Inc, New York City, 4th February 1931, Lot 61. See label verso.
- Similar listed to $119,500.00 USD at auction.
- Painting - 82cm x 59cm
- Frame - 117cm x 94cm
Lot Notes
A superb example of the work of Scottish-born American landscape and cattle painter of the Hudson River School - James McDougal Hart. The painting has a good provenance having been sold by the American Art Association in 1931 and with the original auction label verso. Signed and dated lower left.
Condition
In very fine condition. Professionally lined and conserved in the second half of the 20th century. Clean, most attractive, well framed and ready to hang. Presented in what is presumably its original ornate wood and gilt composite frame, the frame with a New York City frame makers label verso.
Artist Information
James McDougal Hart was a Scottish-born American landscape and cattle painter of the Hudson River School. Hart was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland, and was taken to America with his family in early youth. His older brother, William Hart, was also a Hudson River School artist, as were his younger sister Julie Hart Beers and his two daughters, both figure painters, Letitia Bonnet Hart (1867 - Sept. 1953) and Mary Theresa Hart (1872–1942). Another niece, Annie L. Y. Orff, became an editor and publisher. In Albany, New York he trained with a sign and carriage maker— possibly the same employer that had taken on his brother in his early career. James later returned to Europe for serious artistic training, studying in Munich and as a pupil of Friedrich Wilhelm Schirmer at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting.
Hart returned to America in 1853. He exhibited his first work at the National Academy of Design in 1848 and became an associate in 1857 and a full member in 1859. He was particularly devoted to the National Academy, exhibiting there over a period of more than forty years and serving as vice president late in his life from 1895 to 1899. Like his brother William, James also exhibited at the Brooklyn Art Association (he lived for a time in Brooklyn) and at major exhibitions around the country. Along with most of the major landscape artists of the time, Hart based his operations in New York City and adopted the style of the Hudson River School. While he and his brother William often painted similar landscape subjects, James may have been more inclined to paint exceptionally large works. An example is The Old Homestead (1862), 42 x 68 inches, in the collection of the High Museum of Art in Atlanta, Georgia. James may have been exposed to large paintings while studying in Düsseldorf, a center of realist art pedagogy that also shaped the practices of Albert Bierstadt and Worthington Whittredge.
Like his brother William, James excelled at painting cattle. Kevin J. Avery writes, "the bovine subjects that once distinguished [his works] now seem the embodiment of Hart's artistic complacency." (p. 250 in American Drawings and Watercolors in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Volume I: A Catalogue of Works by Artists Born Before 1835) In contrast with the complacency of some of his cattle scenes, his major landscape paintings are considered important works of the Hudson River School. A particularly fine example is Summer in the Catskills, now in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid, Spain. Among Hart's students was the Hudson River School painter Evelina Mount. Hart is interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.